Sources

Pan Europe

1 WHO, IARC Europe factsheet, 2020 website
2 Statista.com, Life expectancy, 2021 website
3 Statista.com, GDP, 2021 website
4 Eurostat, 2021 website
5 European Cancer Organisation (2021). Time To Act: Covid-19 & Cancer Data Intelligence website

Albania

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile website
4 Eurostat (2021) website

Andorra

1 Andorra Government (2022) website
2 Country sheet. (2021). Spanish Government. website
3 Andorra Government. (2022). Nominal and real GDP growth: sectoral and quarterly evolution website

Austria

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2019 website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
4 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2018 website
5 Statistics Austria, 2020 - Projections of cancer incidence and mortality website
6 Eurostat, 2022 website
7 Eurostat, 2020 website
8 Pink Ribbon, 2020 - Krebsvorsorge „oberhalb“ und „unterhalb“ der Gürtellinie – WICHTIG: Auch in Zeiten einer Pandemie website
9 Höhs, F. (2020). Krebs kennt keinen Lockdown. Wiener Zeitung website
10 Tulchiner, G. et al. (2021). The "Covid-19 Pandemic Gap" and Its Influence on Oncologic Outcomes of Bladder Cancer. Cancers, 13(8), 1754. doi:10.3390/cancers1308175 website
11 Knoll et al., 2021 website
12 Minichsdorfert, C et al. (2021). Impact of Covid-19 lockdown on routine oncology versus emergency care at a high volume cancer centre. European Journal of Clinical Investigation. 51(8). doi.org/10.1111/eci.13623 website
13 Reuter-Oppermann, M. et al. (2020). Influence of the pandemic dissemination of Covid-19 on radiotherapy practice: A flash survey in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. PLOS ONE 15(5). doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233330 website
14 Mangesius et al., 2021 website

Belarus

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website

Belgium

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
3 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
4 Eurostat, 2022 website
5 Eurostat, 2022 website
6 Van de Voorde, C. et al. (2020). Gestion de la capacité hospitalière en Belgique durant la première vague de la pandémie de Covid-19 (KCE REPORT 335Bs). Centre Fédéral d’Expertise des Soins de Santé (KCE) website
7 Peacock, H. M. et al. (2021). Decline and incomplete recovery in cancer diagnoses during the Covid-19 pandemic in Belgium: a year-long, population-level analysis. ESMO Open, 6(4). doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100197 website
8 Pelsemaeker de, M. C. et al. (2020). The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic and the Associated Belgian Governmental Measures on Cancer Screening, Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology. Pathobiology, 88(1), 46-55. doi: 10.1159/000509546 website
9 Vaandering, A. et al. (2021). Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Patients and Staff in Radiation Oncology Departments in Belgium: A National Survey. Frontiers in Oncology, 11, 748. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.654086 website
10 Slotman et al., 2020 website
11 Azambuja de, E. et al. (2020). Impact of solid cancer on in-hospital mortality overall and among different subgroups of patients with Covid-19: a nationwide, population-based analysis. ESMO Open, 5(5). doi: 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000947 website
12 Lattenist, R. et al. (2020). Covid-19 in Adult Patients with Hematological Disease: Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus, 37(1), 181-185. doi: 10.1007/s12288-020-01318-4. website

Bosnia and Herzegovina

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO,IARC country profile website
3 Institute for Public Health FB&H website
4 Institute for Public Health FB&H. (2021). Zdravstveno statistički godišnjak FBiH 2020 website
5 Eurostat, 2021 website
6 Tomić, K. et al. (2021). Impa ct of COVID-19 pandemic on number of outpatient oncology visits: A single center experience. Libri Oncologici, 49(1), 104-105. website

Bulgaria

1 WHO - Cancer Country Profiles Bulgaria website
2 World Bank website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile website
4 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
5 Eurostat website

Croatia

1 WHO - Cancer Country Profiles Croatia website
2 World Bank website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile website
4 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
5 Eurostat website
6 Vrdoljak E. et al. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on Breast Cancer Diagnosis in Croatia: A Population- and Registry-Based Study, The Oncologist, 26(7), pp. 1156-1160. doi: 10.1002/onco.13791 website
7 Kelemenic-Drazin, R. et al. (2021). Impact of the coronavirus disease pandemic on cancer care in Croatia: a multicentre cross-sectional study. Ecancermedicalscience, 15, 1263. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1263 website
8 Utjecaj Pandemije Covid-19 Na Liječenje Raka. Onkologija. (2020, May 7). Retrieved May 6, 2022, from https://www.onkologija.hr/utjecaj-pandemije-covid-19-na-lijecenje-raka/ website

Cyprus

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2019 website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
4 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
5 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2018 website
6 Eurostat, 2022 website
7 Eurostat, 2022 website
8 Cyprus Mail, 2021 website
9 Kyriazis, M. et al. (2021). Covid-19 Isolation and Risk of Death in Cyprus Elderly People. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 1263. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.717692 website

Czech Republic

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2019 website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
4 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
5 Eurostat, 2022 website
6 Eurostat, 2022 website
7 Suchanek, S. et al. (2021). The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Colorectal Cancer Screening In The Czech Republic. Endoscopy, 53(1), S268. doi:10.1055/s-0041-1725002 website

Denmark

1 World Bank, 2019 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
3 Eurostat, 2022 website
4 Jeppesen, S. S. et al. (2021). Quality of life in patients with cancer during the Covid-19 pandemic - a Danish cross-sectional study (COPICADS). Acta Oncology, 60(1), 4-12. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2020.1830169 website
5 Vinter Weber, N. (2020, December 9). Fight Against Cancer: Worrying decline in new cancer diagnoses during corona crisis website
6 Wessel Skovlund, C. et al. (2021). Hidden morbidities: drop in cancer diagnoses during the Covid-19 pandemic in Denmark. Acta Oncologica, 60(1), 20-23. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2020.185823 website
7 Kjeldsted, E. et al. (2021). A population-based survey of patients’ experiences with teleconsultations in cancer care in Denmark during the Covid-19 pandemic. Acta Oncologica, 60(10), 1352-1360. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2021.1956688 website
8 Smith et al., 2021 website
9 Skovlund et al., 2022 website
10 Ellehuus et al., 2021 website

Estonia

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website

Finland

1 World Bank website
2 Finnish Cancer Registry website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile website
4 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
5 Eurostat website
6 Heinävaara, S. et al. (2020). Kohdunkaulasyövän seulontaan osallistuminen laahaa selvästi viime vuotta perässä [Participation in cervical cancer screening is clearly lagging behind last year]. Suomen Syöpärekisteri. website
7 Pitkäniemi, J. et al. (2021). Heijastuuko koronaviruspandemia syöpätaakkaan? [ Is the coronavirus pandemic reflected in the cancer burden?]. Duodecim, 137(6). website
8 Finnish Cancer Society. (2020). Pääsihteerin katsaus [Secretary general's review]. Annual Report 2020. website
9 Johansson, A. et al. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer diagnosis based on pathology notifications: A comparison across the Nordic countries during 2020. International journal of cancer, Advance online publication. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34029 website
10 Bergman, M. (2021). Vertaistuen tarve korostuu koronakriisin aikana [The need for peer support is emphasised during the corona crisis]. Suomen Sÿopäpotilaat Ry: website

France

1 World Bank, 2019 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
3 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2018 website
4 French National Cancer Institute, 2018 website
5 Eurostat, 2022 website
6 Eurostat, 2020 website
7 Kempf, E. et al. (2021). New cancer cases at the time of SARS-Cov2 pandemic and related public health policies: A persistent and concerning decrease long after the end of the national lockdown. European Journal of Cancer, 150, 260-267. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca website
8 Blay, J. Y. et al. (2021). Delayed care for patients with newly diagnosed cancer due to Covid-19 and estimated impact on cancer mortality in France. ESMO OPEN, 6(3), 100-134. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100134. website
9 IQVIA. (2021). Impact of Covid-19 on the Treatment of Cancer - EU4 and UK website
10 Lamblin, G. et al. (2020). Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on therapeutic modifications in patients with gynecological cancers. ESMO OPEN, 48(11), 777-783. doi: 10.1016/j.gofs.2020.09.011. Lamblin, G et al. “Impact de la pandémie de Covid-19 sur les modif website
11 Bardet, A. et al. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 on healthcare organisation and cancer outcomes. European Journal of Cancer, 153, 123-132. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.05.012. "A. Bardet et al. ""Impact of Covid-19 on healthcare organisation and cancer outcomes"" website
12 Héquet, D. et al. (2020). Impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on requests for initial care for breast cancer. Bull Cancer, 107(6), 620-622. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.04.004. Héquet, Delphine et al. “Impact de l’épidémie de Covid-19 sur les demandes de prise website
13 Ligue contre le Cancer. (2021). Mars Bleu 2021 : mois de dépistage du cancer colorectal. website
14 Cancer centre Gustave Roussy. (2020, September 18). Covid-19 : la surmortalité par cancers lors de la première vague estimée entre 2 et 5% website
15 Le Bihan Benjamin et al., 2022 website
16 Brugel et al., 2020 website
17 Joly et al., 2021 website
18 Hilmi et al., 2020 website

Germany

1 World Bank, 2019 website
2 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
3 Robert Koch Institute, 2016 website
4 Eurostat, 2022 website
5 Eurostat, 2020 website
6 Heise, G. (2020). Despite Covid-19, breast cancer screening is as important as ever. DW. https://www.dw.com/en/despite-Covid-19-breast-cancer-screening-is-as-important-as-ever/a-54632441., 2020 website
7 IQVIA. (2021). Impact of Covid-19 on the Treatment of Cancer - EU4 and UK. website
8 Büntzel, J. et al. (2021). Take care or “German Angst”? Lessons from cancer care during Covid-19 pandemic in spring 2020. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 147, 2093–2105. doi: 10.1007/s00432-020-03492-4. website
9 Reichardt, P. et al. (2021). Decreased Incidence of Oncology Admissions in 75 Helios Hospitals in Germany during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Oncol Res Treat, 44(3), 71-75. doi: 10.1159/000512935. website
10 Wurnschimmel, C. et al. (2020). Martini-Klinik experience of prostate cancersurgery during the early phase of the Covid-19 pandemic. BJU International, 126(2), 252-255. doi: 10.1111/bju.15115. website
11 Jacob, L. et al. (2021). Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Cancer Diagnoses in General and Specialized Practices in Germany. Cancers, 13(3), 408. doi: 10.3390/cancers13030408 website
12 Hajek, A. et al. (2021). Determinants of Postponed Cancer Screening During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence from the Nationally Representative Covid-19 Snapshot Monitoring in Germany (COSMO). Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 14, 3003-3011. doi: 10.21 website
13 Jacob et al., 2022 website
14 Kaltofen, 2021 website
16 Struck et al., 2021 website
17 Büntzel et al., 2020 website

Greece

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website
6 Lallas, A. et al. (2021). Delayed skin cancer diagnosis in 2020 because of the COVID-19–related restrictions: Data from an institutional registry. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 85(3), 721-723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.05.021 website

Hungary

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 Eurostat, 2021 website
5 Fujisawa, R. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care in OECD countries. OECD Publishing, 141. doi: 10.1787/c74a5899-en website
6 Müller, J. et al. (2022). Clinical Course of COVID-19 Disease in Children Treated With Neoplastic Diseases in Hungary. Pathology and Oncology Research, 28. doi: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610261 website

Iceland

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website
6 Johansson, A. et al. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer diagnosis based on pathology notifications: A comparison across the Nordic countries during 2020. International journal of cancer, Advance online publication. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34029 website

Ireland

1 Worldbank website
2 Worldbank website
3 Globocan website
4 Irish Cancer Society, 2021 website
5 Burke, L. et al, Deploying Data-Driven Intelligence to measure the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care and cancer patients, 2020 website
6 Focus economics, 2020 website
9 Burke, L. et al, Deploying Data-Driven Intelligence to measure the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care and cancer patients, 2020. website
10 Cancer Care in Ireland, 2020 website
11 "National Cancer Registry Ireland (2021) Cancer in Ireland 1994-2019: Annual report of the National Cancer Registry. NCRI, Cork, Ireland." website

Italy

1 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2020 website
3 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
4 Eurostat, 2022 website
5 Thaler, M. et al. (2020). Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on patients suffering from musculoskeletal tumours. International orthopaedics, 44(8), 1503–1509. doi: 10.1007/s00264-020-04636-4. website
6 Mantellini, P. et al. (2020). Rapporto sui ritardi accumulati dai programmi di screening italiani in seguito alla pandemia da Covid-19 - Secondo Rapporto al 30 Settembre 2020. Gruppo di lavoro ONS website
7 IQVIA. (2021). Impact of Covid-19 on the Treatment of Cancer - EU4 and UK. website
8 Jereczek-Fossa, B.A. et al. (2020). Covid-19 Outbreak and Cancer Radiotherapy Disruption in Lombardy, Northern Italy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol), 32(7), 160-161. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.04.007 website
9 Marinis de, F. et al. (2020). Results of Multilevel Containment Measures to Better Protect Lung Cancer Patients From Covid-19: The IEO Model. Frontiers in Oncology, 10, 665. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00665. website
10 Variani, S. (2020). Cure Palliative Domiciliari e Covid-19: Aspetti clinici e organizzativi nelle zone ad alto e Basso Rischio - L’IMPATTO PSICOLOGICO SU PAZIENTI E FAMILIARI. Fondazione ANT. website
11 Slotman, B. J. et al. (2020). Effect of Covid-19 pandemic on practice in European radiation oncology centers. Covid-19 Rapid Letter, 150, 40-42. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.06.007. website
12 Motore Sanita. (2021). Cancro e COVID: l’emergenza nell’emergenza l’oncologia nell’era intra e post pandemica website
13 Vanni G. et al. (2020). The Effect of Coronavirus (Covid-19) on Breast Cancer Teamwork: A Multicentric Survey. In Vivo, 34(3), 1685-1694. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11962 website
15 Cancer screening programmes in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic: an update of a nationwide survey on activity volumes and delayed diagnoses website
16 Evaluation of COVID-19 impact on DELAYing diagnostic-therapeutic pathways of lung cancer patients in Italy (COVID-DELAY study): fewer cases and higher stages from a real-world scenario website
17 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the oncologic activities (diagnosis, treatment, clinical trials enrollment) of a general hospital in a district with high prevalence of SARS-COV-2 in Italy website
18 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on melanoma diagnosis website
19 Diagnosis and treatment delay of head and neck cancers during COVID-19 era in a tertiary care academic hospital: what should we expect? website
20 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis in the Piedmont Region, Italy: Interrupted Time-Series Analysis website

Latvia

`1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website

Liechtenstein

1 World Bank website
2 Eurostat website

Lithuania

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website
7 Petrauskas, V. et al. (2021). Access to Healthcare for Cancer Patients in Lithuania During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Acta medica Lithuanica, 28(2), 199-204. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111522 website
8 Dabkeviciene, D. et al. (2021). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Patient’s Management—Lithuanian Cancer Center Experience. Healthcare, 9(11), 1522. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111522 website

Luxembourg

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website

Malta

1 WHO - Cancer Country Profiles Malta website
2 World Bank website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile website
4 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
5 Eurostat website

Moldova

1 National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 World Bank, 2020 website
5 WHO Europe. (2020). Improving cancer care pathways to address the COVID-19 pandemic Experiences from the Republic of Moldova website

Monaco

1 Imsee, 2021 website
2 World Bank website

Montenegro

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 Eurostat website

Netherlands

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2019 website
3 WHO, IARC Country Profile, 2020 website
4 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2018 website
5 Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, 2019 website
6 Eurostat, 2022 website
7 Eurostat, 2020 website
8 Kortlever, T. L. et al. (2021). The national FIT-based colorectal cancer screening program in the Netherlands during the Covid-19 pandemic. Preventive Medicine, 151, 106643. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106643 website
9 EFPIA (2021), The impact of Covid-19 0n patient access to cancer care in Europe - Everyday counts website
10 Eijkelboom, A. H. et al. (2021). Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on diagnosis, stage, and initial treatment of breast cancer in the Netherlands: a population-based study. J Hematol Oncol, 14, 64. doi: 10.1186/s13045-021-01073-7. website
11 Uyl-de Groot, Carin A et al. “Underdiagnosis in cancer due to the Covid-19 crisis by diagnosis, age and province: A crucial role for primary care providers” [Fewer cancer diagnoses during the Covid-19 epidemic according to diagnosis, age and region]. TSG: website
12 Dutch Federation of Cancer Patient Organisations website
13 Schellekens, M. P. J. et Van der Lee, M. L. (2020). Loneliness and belonging: Exploring experiences with the Covid-19 pandemic in psycho-oncology. Psycho-Oncology, 29(9), 1399-1401. doi: 10.1002/pon.5459 website
14 Joode de, K. et al. (2021). Dutch Oncology Covid-19 consortium: Outcome of Covid-19 in patients with cancer in a nationwide cohort study. Eur J Cancer, 141, 171-184. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.09.027 website
15 van Breeschoten et al., 2021 website
16 Toes-Zoutendijk et al., 2022 website
17 Lantinga et al., 2020 website

North Macedonia

1 Cancer Country Profiles 2020: North Macedonia website
2 World Bank website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website

Norway

1 Norway Cancer Registry website
2 World Data Bank, 2020 website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile website
4 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
5 European Cancer Information System, 2020 website
6 Eurostat website
7 Johansson, A. et al. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer diagnosis based on pathology notifications: A comparison across the Nordic countries during 2020. International journal of cancer, Advance online publication. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34029 website
8 Regionala Cancercentrum I Samverkan (2021). Uppskjuten cancervård. Delrapport 5 – Inrapporteringsstatistik: canceranmälan till cancerregistret, jämförelse diagnosår 2020 och 2019. https://cancercentrum.se/contentassets/f92197c901054456be5017500b590fb8/delrapport-5-uppskjuten-cancervard.pdf website
9 Larønningen et al. (2021). Kreftdiagnostikk under covid-19 [Canccer diagnosis under covid-19]. Kreftregisteret. ISBN 978-82-93804-02-4 website
10 Helsedirektoratet. (2021). De fleste kreftpasienter starter behandling til anbefalt tid [Most cancer patients start treatment at the recommended time]. website
11 Fujisawa, R. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care in OECD countries. OECD Health Working Papers, 141. https://doi.org/10.1787/c74a5899-en website

Poland

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2018 website
3 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2018 website
4 Eurostat, 2020 website
5 Maluchnik, M., et al. (2020). Decreasing access to cancer diagnosis and treatment during the Covid-19 pandemic in Poland. Acta Oncologica, 60(1), 28-31. doi: 10.1080/0284186X.2020.1837392 website
6 National Institute of Oncology Maria Skłodowska-Curie of the National Research Institute. (2021). The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the oncological care system. website
7 Andrzejczak, et al. 2021 website
9 Koczkodaj et al. (2021) website
10 Kufel-Grabowska, et al. (2021) website
11 Malicki, et al. (2021) website
12 Zapala, et al. (2023) website
13 University of Mary Washington website

Portugal

1 World Bank, 2019 website
2 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2018 website
5 Eurostat, 2022 website
5 OECD Better Life Index, 2017 website
6 Eurostat, 2022 website
7 Expresso - Lusa Agency. (2021). Perto de 450 mil rastreios ao cancro ficaram por fazer no primeiro ano de pandemia website
8 Pereira, K. et al. (2021). O impacto da pandemia Covid-19 na abordagem terapêutica do cancro de cabeça e pescoço: Uma análise semestral. Revista Portuguesa De Otorrinolaringologia E Cirurgia De Cabeça E Pescoço, 59(2), 207-215. doi: 10.34631/sporl.93 website
9 Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro. (2020). Impacto da Covid-19 em doentes oncológicos e seus familiares/cuidadores. website
10 Observador - Lusa Agency. (2020). Covid-19. IPO do Porto preocupado com redução na referenciação de novos casos de cancros website
11 O Acesso dos Portugueses aos cuidados de saúde: O impacto da pandemia e resposta do SNS website
12 Alpuim Costa, et al. (2022) website

Romania

1 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2019 website
3 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
4 ICCP, 2020 website
5 Eurostat, 2022 website
6 Eurostat, 2022 website
7 Gheorghe, A. S. et al. (2021). Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to the Covid-19 outbreak among Romanian adults with cancer: a cross-sectional national survey. ESMO OPEN, 6(1), 100027. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.10002 website
9 Crisan, et al. (2021) website
10 Cocuz, et al. (2021) website

Russia

1 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2020 website
3 Loginova, K. (2020). Why kill others?": 190 cancer patients left untreated to accommodate Covid-19 infected. Sneg. www.sneg.tv/43654-pochemu-nado-ubivat-drugih-190-onkobolnyh-ostavili-bez-lechenija-chtoby-razmestit-zarazhennyh-Covid-19, 2020 website
4 Tsimafeyeu, I. et al. (2021). Covid-19 in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Russian Federation. Clinical Genitourinary Cancer, 19(2), 69-71. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2020.07.007, 202 website
5 COVIDSurg Collaborative. (2020). Elective surgery cancellations due to the Covid-19 pandemic: global predictive modelling to inform surgical recovery plan. BJS, 107(11), 1440-1449. doi: 10.1002/bjs.11746, 2020 website
6 Kaprin, A. D. et al. (2021). Experience of treating cancer patients in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, (2), 117-123. doi: 10.17116/anaesthesiology2021021117 website

San Marino

1 World Bank website
2 RTV San Marino website
3 San Marino Social Security Institute website
4 World Bank website

Serbia

1 WHO - Cancer Country Profiles Serbia website
2 World Bank website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile website
4 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
5 Eurostat website

Slovakia

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 Eurostat website

Slovenia

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 WHO, IARC Country Profile website
4 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
5 Eurostat website
6 Ivanuš U. et al. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on organised cervical cancer screening: The first results of the Slovenian cervical screening programme and registry. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Volume 5, June 2021, 100101 website
7 Zadnik, V. et al. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on cancer diagnosis and management in Slovenia. Sciendo website

Spain

1 World Bank, 2020 website
2 WHO, Cancer Country profile, 2020 website
3 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
4 Eurostat, 2020 website
5 Amador, M. et al. (2021). Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the care of cancer patients in Spain. ESMO Open, 6(3), 100157. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.10015 website
6 IQVIA. (2021). Impact of Covid-19 on the Treatment of Cancer - EU4 and UK website
7 De la Portilla de Juan, F. et al. (2020). Impact of the pandemic on surgical activity in colorectal cancer in Spain - Results of a national survey. Cirurgia española, 94(6). doi: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2020.07.011 website
8 Astor, L. (2021). Study shows increase in lung cancer mortality, decrease in diagnosis during Covid-19 pandemic. Cancer network, World Conference on Lung Cancer. website
9 Suárez, et al. (2020) website
10 Rubio-San-Simón, et al. (2021) website
11 Pifarré i Arolas, et al. (2021) website

Sweden

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website
6 Fallara, G. et al. (2021). Prostate cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment in Sweden during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 55(3), 184-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681805.2021.1910341 website
7 Eklöv, K. et al. (2022). Colon cancer treatment in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide register-based study. Colorectal Disease, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.16129 website
8 Johansson, A. L. V. et al. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer diagnosisbased on pathology notifications: A comparison acrossthe Nordic countries during 2020. International Journal of Cancer, 1-15. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijc.34029 website
9 Regionala Cancercentrum I Samverkan (2021). Uppskjuten cancervård. Delrapport 5 – Inrapporteringsstatistik: canceranmälan till cancerregistret, jämförelse diagnosår 2020 och 2019. https://cancercentrum.se/contentassets/f92197c901054456be5017500b590fb8/delrapport-5-uppskjuten-cancervard.pdf website

Switzerland

1 WHO, IARC Country profile , 2020 website
2 World Bank, 2019 website
3 Eurostat, 2022 website
4 Eurostat, 2022 website
5 Triboulet, C. (2021). Impact de la pandémie de Covid sur la détection des cancers de la peau. Revue Médicale de Suisse, 17(732), 635 - 639. PMID: 33793101 website
6 Achard, V. et al. (2020). A national survey on radiation oncology patterns of practice in Switzerland during the Covid-19 pandemic: Present changes and future perspectives. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 150, 1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.05.04 website
7 Werner et al., (2022) website

Turkey

1 World Bank website
2 ICC Portal, Country Profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website
4 WHO, IARC Country profile website
5 Eurostat website
6 Fujisawa, R. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care in OECD countries. OECD Health Working Papers, 141, 1-45. website
7 Kutluk. M. T. et al. (2021). The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric cancer care: lessons learnt from a major paediatric oncology department in Turkey. ecancer, 15(1172), 1-16 website
8 İlgün, A. S. and Özmen, V. (2022). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Breast Cancer Patients. European Journal of Breast Health, 18(1), 85-90. website
9 Kebudi, R. et al. (2021). COVID-19 infection in children with cancer and stem cell transplant recipients in Turkey: A nationwide study. Paediatric Blood & Cancer, 68(6), 1-5. website
10 Güç, Z. G. et al. (2021). Being a Cancer Patient during the Time of COVID-19: Impact of the Pandemic on the Anxiety and the Sleeping Quality of Oncology Patients. Chemotherapy, 67(1), 29-36. website
11 Beypinar, I. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 on oncology practice in Turkey. JBUON, 26(4), 1659-1662. website

Ukraine

1 World Bank website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile website
3 World Cancer Research Fund International. (2020). Global cancer data by country website

United Kingdom

1 World Bank, 2019 website
2 WHO, IARC Country profile, 2020 website
3 UK Office for National Statistics, 2020 website
4 Cancer Research UK, 2020 - Cancer Statistics for the UK website
5 Statista.com, 2020 website
6 Breast Cancer Now. (2020). Almost one million women in UK miss vital breast screening due to Covid-19. website
7 Wishart, G. (2021). The effect of Covid on cancer diagnosis in 2020. The science of communications website
8 Ho, K. M. A. et al. (2021). Predicting endoscopic activity recovery in England after Covid-19: a national analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 6(5), 381-390. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00058-3 website
9 Macmillan Cancer Support (2020) website
10 Davies, J. (2021). What impact has Covid-19 had on cancer services?. Nuffield Trust. website
11 IQVIA. (2021). Impact of Covid-19 on the Treatment of Cancer - EU4 and UK website
12 The Lancet Oncology. (2021). Covid-19 and cancer: 1 year on. The Lancet Oncology, 22(4), 411. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00148-0 website
13 Lai, A.G. et al. (2020). Estimated impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on cancer services and excess 1-year mortality in people with cancer and multimorbidity: near real-time data on cancer care, cancer deaths and a population-based cohort study. BMJ Open, 10 website
14 Willan, J. et al. (2020). Assessing the impact of lockdown: Fresh challenges for the care of haematology patients in the Covid-19 pandemic. British Journal of Haematology, 189(6), 224-227. doi: 10.1111/bjh.16782 website
15 Maringe, C. et al. (2020). The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on cancer deaths due to delays in diagnosis in England, UK: a national, population-based, modelling study. The Lancet Oncology, 21(8), 1023-1034. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30388-0 website
16 NHS e-Referral Service (e-RS) open data dashboard [Internet]. Nhs.uk website
17 Cancer research UK, 2021 - Almost half of people with possible cancer symptoms didn’t see GP in first wave of pandemic website
18 Leong, T. L. (2020). Delayed access to lung cancer screening and treatment during the Covid-19 pandemic: Are we headed for a lung cancer pandemic?. Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology, 26(2), 145-146. doi: 10.1111/resp.13996 website
19 Sud, A. et al. (2020). Effect of delays in the 2-week-wait cancer referral pathway during the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer survival in the UK: a modelling study. The Lancet Oncology, 21(8), 1035–1044. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30392-2 website
20 Loveday, C. et al. (2021). Prioritisation by FIT to mitigate the impact of delays in the 2-week wait colorectal cancer referral pathway during the COVID-19 pandemic: a UK modelling study. Gut, 70(6), 1053–1060. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321650 website
21 UK Parliament. (2020). Workforce burnout and resilience in the NHS and social care Contents. website
22 Spencer et al., 2021 website
23 Venables et al., 2021 website
24 Rutter et al., 202 website
25 Morris et al., 2021 website
26 Shaw and Collaborative, 2021 website
27 Price et al., 2020 website
28 Wang et al., 2021 website
29 Quinn-Scoggins et al., 2021 website